Biogas generators tuaj yeem hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv hluav taws xob thiab thermal zog. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb vim muaj kev ua haujlwm tiav suav nrog kev tsim cov roj ntsha biochemical, roj purification, hloov hluav taws xob, thiab lub zog rov qab. Cov subsystems no ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub cev, tshuaj, thiab cov ntsiab lus thermodynamic, tsim kom muaj kev ruaj khov thiab muaj txiaj ntsig hloov lub zog.
Thawj lub hauv paus ua haujlwm yog kev zom zaub mov anaerobic thiab cov roj tsim tawm ntawm biomass. Organic cov ntaub ntawv xws li tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib quav, cov khib nyiab hauv chav ua noj, cov quav cab, thiab cov sludge hauv nroog undergo hydrolysis, acidification, thiab methanogenesis nyob rau hauv lub kaw reactor nyob rau hauv mesophilic (35-38 degree) los yog siab -kub (55-58 degree) tej yam kev mob los ntawm kev ua ntawm microbial zej zog. Cov txheej txheem no thaum kawg tsim cov biogas, feem ntau muaj methane (CH₄) nrog carbon dioxide (CO₂) thiab me impurities. Cov txheej txheem no hloov cov tshuaj siv hluav taws xob uas khaws cia hauv cov khoom siv los yog kua organic teeb meem rau hauv lub thermal peev xwm ntawm cov pa roj combustible, muab cov roj rau kev tsim hluav taws xob.
Qhov thib ob lub hauv paus yog roj purification thiab ruaj khov khoom. Crude biogas muaj cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj xws li hydrogen sulfide, noo noo, cov teeb meem me me, thiab siloxanes. Kev nkag ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub combustion system tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv corrosion, catalyst lom, thiab emissions ntau dhau. Cov txheej txheem purification siv desulfurization yees, condensate separators, particulate filters, thiab activated carbon adsorption pab kiag li lawm kom tshem tawm impurities kauj ruam yog kauj ruam, xyuas kom meej cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab siab raws li lub combustion yuav tsum tau thiab tsim ib tug nruam thiab controllable gas mov system los lav lub ruaj khov kev lag luam ntawm lub zog tom ntej.
Qhov thib peb txheej txheej yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm thermal zog rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob. Cov purified biogas yog tov nrog ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm cov huab cua thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub combustion chamber ntawm ib tug roj combustion engine los yog roj turbine rau combustion. Qhov tso tawm siab - kub, siab - cov pa roj ua kom lub piston lossis turbine tig, ua kom tiav cov kev hloov pauv ntawm thermal zog rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob no tau xa mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ntawm crankshaft lossis lub ntsiab ncej, tso tawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm electromagnetic induction. Cov txheej txheem no yog lub hauv paus ntawm biogas generator zog hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab nws cov efficiency yog txwv los ntawm combustion lub koom haum, tshav kub exchanger tswj, thiab load txuam theem.
Qhov thib plaub txheej txheej yog pov tseg thaum tshav kub kub rov qab thiab siv lub zog cascade. Lub siab - kub tso pa roj los ntawm lub cav combustion nyob rau hauv, nrog rau lub tog raj kheej liner txias dej, nqa ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tsawg- qib cua sov zog. Lub zog cua sov no tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab siv rau cua sov thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov anaerobic digester, muab cov dej kub rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv hauv tsev, lossis hauv cheeb tsam cua sov. Qhov no txhim kho qhov system thawj lub zog siv tus nqi, hloov lub zog tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cais tawm mus rau hauv lub hub rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Qhov thib tsib txheej ntawm lub hauv paus yog kev tswj thiab kev ruaj ntseg system. Tsis siv neeg tswj kev tswj siab, kev saib xyuas kev khiav dej num, kev tswj hluav taws xob, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kab sib chaws, thiab kev nyab xeeb kaw -tawm cov cuab yeej ua kom lub tsev muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov pa roj sib txawv, hloov pauv, lossis xwm txheej ceev. Lub hauv paus saib xyuas qhov system ua rau kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv, tswj chaw taws teeb, thiab ceeb toom ua ntej.
Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob biogas yog ntau-theem, kev sib koom ua ke muaj xws li biochemical gas ntau lawm, roj purification, hloov hluav taws xob, kev siv hluav taws xob pov tseg, thiab kev tswj xyuas ntse. Txhua theem yog sib cuam tshuam thiab tseem ceeb, sib sau ua ke kom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ruaj khov hloov pauv ntawm cov pov tseg rau hauv lub zog huv.